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coli helps to regulate intestinal homeostasis and enhance the integrity of the intestinal barrier, thereby reducing colitis symptoms

Abstract Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common and fatal cardiac complication caused by diabetes, with its pathogenesis involving various forms of cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly ferroptosis and mitochondrial injury

Additionally, JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) are signaling molecules involved in various cellular processes, including inflammation and immune responses

Subsequently, the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method was used to quantify the protein concentrations